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August 24, 2009  |  By beatriz In 2009

CRONOLOGIE DE LA FEUILLE DE COCA

arton1977

LA FEUILLE DE COCA

1952-1954

Des experts de l’OMS arrivent à la conclusion que la mastication de la feuille de coca a toutes les caractéristiques d’une addiction et constitue une forme de cocaïnomanie.

1961

Convention unique sur les stupéfiants. Cette convention déclare la coca comme illégale. La consommation traditionnelle en Bolivie bénéficie d’un sursis de 25 ans. L’entreprise Coca-Cola obtient le monopole mondial sur l’usage licite de la plante « dé-cocaïnisée ».

1971

Convention sur les substances et psychotropes (1971), rédigée par l’Organe International de Contrôle des Stupéfiants (OICS).

1986

La National Security Decision Directive (NSDD) déclare le trafic de drogue comme menace létale pour la sécurité des Etats-Unis.

1988

Convention contre le trafic illicite de stupéfiants et de substances psychotropes, rédigée par l’Organe International de Contrôle des Stupéfiants (OICS). La Bolivie formule des réserves quant à la mise en application des conditions de cette convention.

1992

Exposition universelle de Séville : interdiction au pavillon bolivien d’exposer toute industrie liée à la feuille de coca. Le président bolivien de l’époque Jam Paz Zamora refuse de pénaliser la coca est se voit accusé de narcotrafic par les Etats-Unis.

1995

48ème Assemblée mondiale de la santé : censure par les Etats-Unis du rapport de l’OMS qui affirme la non toxicité de la feuille de coca.

2002

Décret suprême 26415, qui prohibe la vente de feuille de coca en Bolivie. Evo Morales est destitué de son mandat législatif la même année.

18 décembre 2005

Election d’Evo Morales à la présidence de la Bolivie.

19 septembre 2006

Le président Morales déclare devant l’assemblée générale de l’ONU et en brandissant une feuille de coca qu’elle ne peut pas être « légale pour le Coca-cola et illégale pour le peuple Andin ».

5 mars 2008

L’OICS enjoint au gouvernement bolivien d’interdire la coca.

Novembre 2008

Evo Morales interdit à la DEA américaine (Drug Enforcement Administration) d’opérer sur le territoire bolivien. Les relations entre les deux pays se dégradent fortement.

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CRONOLOGIE DE LA FEUILLE DE COCA